Descriptive Statistics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Descriptive Statistics - Assignment physical exerciseFor the data presented the descriptive statistics help in understanding the extent of spread of loads, the aggregate score s of gatherings of participants, and the most representative scores in different groups(Frankfort-Nachmias & Nachmias, 2008). For the control group, it is evident that the scores on both(prenominal) variables Depression and the number of candy bars eaten are higher than the group receiving CBT. The control group had a Mean score of 5.3 and a normal and Modal score of 5 for candy bars eaten. The redact of the scores was 4 and magnetic declination was 1.79 while meter Deviation was 1.34. The CBT group had a Mean and Median score of 1.5 and Modal scores of 1 and 2. The range of the scores was 3, with a variance of 1.17 and a trite deviation of 1.08. For the whole sample, the Mean was 3.40 and mode was 5 while median was 3.50 while range was 8, variance was 5.2 and Standard deviation was 2.28. For both t he groups the Mean, Median and Mode are quite close and this may be interpreted to mean that these groups are somewhat normally distributed, though the CBT group is a bimodal group with two adjacent modes. For all three measures of central tendency, the Control group had higher scores as compared to the CBT group. The control group also had higher scores on all measures of dispersion, presentation that there was more variability in the control groups scores than the CBT groups. The measures of variability were highest for the whole sample showing that all participants together had more variance in their scores.The same trend was noticed for depression scores with CBT group scoring lower than the control group. The control group had a mean score of 72.2, a median of 74.5 and a mode of 72. The range of scores was 32 with a variance of 87.57 and a Standard deviation of 9.36. The mean score for the CBT group was 40.8, the median was 40 and the mode was 35. Although the control group h ad convertible mean, mode and median showing a relatively normal

The 4As Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The 4As - Essay Example4As always attempts to change the agency line of credit. With 750 members and 1250 branch offices, approximately 80% of 4As members are placed in all national advertising agencies. Virtually all of the huge multinational agencies are members of the 4As. While at the same time, on with addressing the expectations of shareholders and stakeholders, the organization fulfills its Corporate Social duty (CSR) as well. The association represents advertising agency business to public service work of the Advertising Council, Inc. and Spencer, AAAA educational Foundation which offers allowances and fellowship to graduate multicultural learners studying advertising at college or graduate school levels. It also runs a group insurance and group pension/profit sharing plan for the return of employees in agencies. 4As has its individual composition of constitution, mission statement, by-laws and standards of practice approved by the Board of Directors along with membersh ip together (American Association of Advertising Agencies, 2013). Mission and Purpose of 4As The mission of 4As is to improve and to strengthen the advertising agency business in the United States by counselling members on operations and management by offering collective experience of the many to each. It strives to establish high creativity and business standards by attracting quality workforce to the business. Considering itself as a management oriented agency, the association is focused on providing leadership, support and assistance to the advertising community in serious areas such as compensation, agency operation, endowment management, business development, government policy and technology. The organization divides its purpose in short-term and long-term bases. Short-term intent includes endorsing friendly relations within the entire associated agencies and maintaining as well as preserving honesty along with fairness. Moreover, works with the government and consumers on ma tters which affect advertising is also a key short-term culture. Long-term goal includes fostering social responsibility of advertising and merchandising, and fostering scientific research along with innovation to continually improve advertising. Moreover, to provide their members with unlimited entrance fee to their full time team of information specialist, which helps a node to meet all the secondary research needs, such as industry statics, creative work, and demographic data, authentic research, surveys and white papers, comes under their prime purpose (American Association of Advertising Agencies, 2013 SlideShare Inc, 2013). Services Offered by 4As 4As provides insurance and pension/profit sharing plan for the welfare of their associates in agencies. The agency is mainly involve in planning, producing, creating advertisement and performing research along with selecting media. The 4As runs its own research de discussion sectionments. Consulting and advisory run on a variet y of management related topics, training and professional development programmes and research services, including access to specialists and numerous databases are a few more services offered by 4As. 4As devotes a part of its time and energy in facilitating government on matters that have an impact on advertising and marketing communication industry. It has committed a substantial effort in creating responsible practices in two life-sustaining areas, food and beverage related advertising to the children along

Market analysis of Jollibee Fast Food Restaurant Essay

commercialize analysis of Jollibee Fast Food Restaurant - look for ExampleThe company Jollibee was introduced in the year 1975 by five Chinese Filipino brothers known as the Tan Caktiong family. Initially, they opened a two branch ice-cream parlour (Thompson and Martin, 2005) which later developed into a fast-flying food restaurant offering unique Filipino cuisine. Soon, the company emerged to be one of the most undefeated business food chains in Philippines. In 1981, Jollibee had established 11 stores in Manila whereas McDonalds had just opened one store (Hill and Jain, 2011). By 2003, it had opened 467 stores in Manila and had earned a market share of more than 50% and revenue of $500 millions. It had surpassed the revenues of McDonalds in 2003 (Hill and Jain, 2011).The key strategies followed by Jollibee social club were as followsIt offered American fast food but kept the Filipino cuisine in mind. For example, it served Asiatic style hamburgers and the pastas tasted like C hinese Chowmein. Desserts offered were of unique flavours like Peach Mango Pie and Banana Langka. They kept the local consumers taste and preference in mind (Thompson and Martin, 2005)They studied the operation system and marketing strategies devised by McDonalds precise closely. Jollibee offered the same range of products but with a difference in taste, so that it would set them aside from its competitor (Hill and Jain, 2011). Prices of food products were kept lower than that of McDonalds (Hill and Jain, 2011).... Prices of food products were kept lower than that of McDonalds (Hill and Jain, 2011). These strategies worked very well and eventually Jollibee became one of the most coveted and popular restaurants of Philippines. Environmental Analysis Current Market Trend and Position The company Jollibee is operating worldwide with 750 stores operating in the Philippines itself. It has become a market leader in fast food restaurant business. It enjoys a lions share of the cyberspa ce that is greater than the other multinational brands combined. The company has embarked on an international expansion with 80 stores operating outdoor(a) Philippines 26 stores in the USA, 32 stores in Vietnam, 11 stores in Brunei and 7 stores in Qatar, Kuwait, Hong Kong and Jeddah. It has accredited the stovepipe Employer award in Philippines from Hewitt (Jollibee, 2013a). The companys international marketing strategy has been a huge mastery and this is mainly due to the large flock of Filipino population residing abroad, which provided as a readymade market foundation to the company (Gillespie, Jeannet and Hennessey, 2010). As per some theorists, the USA fast food market is saturated despite that Jollibee has performed very well in the US and the Middle East markets (Hill and Jain, 2011). According to a survey conducted in Philippines, Jollibee has received the highest ranking in the consumer category ahead of major brands like Nestle, Procter & Gamble, etc (Gillespie, Jeanne t and Hennessey, 2010). Target customers The target customers of Jollibee Company would be consumers of all ages. Fast food is preferable among the teenagers and adults alike. Jollibee focuses on the importance of traditional family values and

Competition and financial stability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Competition and financial constancy - Essay ExampleThe challenger is always seen as a requirement necessary for efficiency of the patoising musical arrangement. Although varied theoretical and empirical studies set about attempted to argue that monopoly offer banks higher(prenominal) incentives to improve their financial functioning, competition in the banking celestial sphere suck also enabled banks to compete favorably thus enabling banks to achieve their demanding needs effectively (Schinasi and outside(a) monetary Fund, 2006). This is because of the notion that vulnerability and restraints on competition are necessary for preserving the stability of the banking system in the flowing financial market thitherfore, the essay offers a critical assessment of the trade-offs between competition in the banking system and financial stability. Advantages of Competition Competition is desirable in the banking system because it contributes to increased free-enterprise(a) business performance across the banking sector (Marinc, 2012). The charter-value for competition stability theory assumes that the to a greater extent concentrated and less competitive banking systems, the higher materialises of becoming more stable. The contrasting perspective to this theory is that a more concentrated banking structure whitethorn lead to more bank frailty. Boyd, De Nicolo and Jalal (2010) argue that market control in banking system increases profits, but bank steadiness ignores the prospective impact of market powers for banks. The authors argue that the higher interest rates in the banking sector may induce the banking industries to assume greater risks hence, they find a positive relationship between density and bank fragility (Kohn, 2003). Many banking system support competition feebleness and this had signifi whoremongertly contributed to financial volatility in many banks across Canada and the UK. Therefore, the less bank rivalry, the less credit rationing and hi gher chance of malfunction in case loans are subjected to multiplicative reservations. Competition and higher level of slow-wittedness in the banking sector can also create a positive impact on liability menace. Boyd, De, Jalal and International Monetary Fund (2009) argue that less competition in banking system can contribute to more financial stability in case information about the probability distribution of liquidity of the depositor is private. Allen, Carletti, Gale and centralize for Economic Policy Research (2011) assert that it is crucial to prevent banks from taking excessive risks in the competitive markets. Hence, the deposit interest rate ceilings are vital even with capital requirements. Beck, Beck and World Bank (2008) argues that concentration is not a consistent rivalry signal in the banking sector thus, the bank illiquidity can join on in any fiscal market structure. Therefore, lower competition in the banking system is crucial because it enables banking relations hips to offer for a long period. Drawbacks of Competition Competition in the financial market can impact steadiness in the banking system in diverse ways first, competition can impact financial stability is through the interbank market system and through the payment system channels. Allen and Gale (2000) argue that perfect competition can prevent banks from offering liquidity to other banks that have been strike by short-term liquidity shortage. Therefore, there is no bank that will have adequate incentive to offer liquidity to the banks that have problems in case all banks are price takers.

Read and answer question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Read and answer question - Essay ExampleBoth the organization and its shareholders need returns for their investments and when such is not achieved then potpourri is inevitable.2. What is the primary type of change needed- Changing things or changing the hoi polloi and culture. Can the Wisconsin full treatment be saved by changing things alone, by changing people and culture, or must both be changed?The primary type of change needed for Wisconsin plant is for people and culture. With nigh current Wisconsin employees telling of how their fathers worked for the same plant, calls for a change in the people. Once people get utilise to a place, they reduce the quality of production, which could be the contributing factor towards the competitors almost producing better quality than Wisconsin plant. It is excessively clear that Wisconsin employees are the most paid compared to the others. The culture of the pairing determining their pay should, therefore be changed too in an urge to reduce the plants high production costs.3. What do you call up is the major underlying ca utilization of the Unions resistance to change? If you were Jim Malesckowski, what implementation tactics would you use to try to convince union members to change to save the Wisconsin plant?It is evidently clear that if no change is made, then the Wisconsin plant will have to penny-pinching down due to the high useable costs. If I was Jim, I would dialogue with the union be telling them that if change was not achieved then the plant would close down. In the event that happens then all the employees would be jobless. In changing to a save culture, the union members would benefit in that despite the reduction in their salaries, they would still retain their jobs, other than letting the plant close down leaving all of them jobless as a result of the high operational

IT systems failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

IT systems failure - Essay ExampleThe procurement tutor crossed the limits by giving warnings and transferring the employees to other departments. The abovementioned problem has been determine and categorized as the cultural prop problem among the technical, cultural and managerial dimensions of the problems (Feghali & Zbib, 2007). Being a project manager, I would recomm turn back to not nevertheless involve the end-users in the development of the E-Pro system provided also to earn their confidence to do this is a desperate need. As the end-users are constantly helpful in identifying the issues and problems of the existing processes, they can provide worth(predicate) input for solving the identified problems. The end-users can also help review the prototypes and provide feedback, which needs to be incorporated before the final deployment of the IT systems. Moreover, the end-users should also be involved in the testing phase of the project. This leads to a conclusion that the e ffective end-users involvement not only saves money but also makes the IT project roaring (Kastner, 2010). Recommendation II The second problem that I have identified in the given berth of E-Pro system development is the mismanagement of the key stakeholders. The IT and procurement manager has mismanaged not only the external stakeholders but also the internal stakeholders, who have a direct impact on the development of the system. ... In the case, the suppliers had not been informed approximately the development of the E-Pro system before the project was started. When the procurement manager informed the suppliers in the middle of the project, they had a number of concerns regarding the development of the E-Pro system still, they have been ignored by the procurement manager. callable to this behaviour of the procurement manager, the suppliers became a hurdle in the success of the project. Keeping in view the abovementioned item and being a project manager, I would recommend th at all the stakeholders be informed about the position in advance. It is always good to develop consensus in early stages of the project it helps reduce the probability of disagreements or conflicts, which are harmful for the successful implementation of the project. Recommendation III I would recommend that superiors be always informed about the progress of the project as well as the issues that are being confront in the project. According to the case study, the IT and procurement manager did not inform the managing director of the company about the then current state of the E-Pro project. Initially, they did not inform the managing director regarding the lack of confidence and conflicts with the employees or end users of the developing system. And then nobody informed the managing director that even the suppliers were not happy and had a few concerns regarding the development of the E-Pro system. Eventually, when the managing director was informed, the situation had already been o ut of control and the company needed to abandon the project. It has been identified as lack of information flows among all stakeholders involved and has been categorized as a cultural

Strategic Plan Developement Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic Plan Developement Paper - Essay ExampleFor Riordan, their supremacy as a leading manufacturing company has only been because of their successful sales and marketing strategies which were also trusty for preserving excellent guest associations.Riordan also realizes the fact that the company needs to redefine and redeem itself along with the sequence in order to progress consistently and reach the new horizons while taking the business to the concomitant height so as to remain competitive and spirited. Therefore, it becomes imperative for Riordan Manufacturing Companys top train management to devise a new strategic course of study for bring extremely important developments which whitethorn guarantee Riordan the rank they have endeavored to attain.This is also because of the fact that most of the modern day entrepreneurs and business managers ar often so anxious with instantaneous subjects that they temporarily forget their ultimate objectives unintentionally. My devel opment of Strategic plan for Riordan Manufacturing Company will revolve around the broader future vision2 of the company itself. This vision circles around producing the final products at optimum costs while focusing upon the companys future, maintaining excellent long term customer oriented relationships, maximizing employees utility while incorporating employee-friendly policies, maintaining environment friendly activities while growing business prospects, and complimenting the feature related issues in accordance with international standards.Since Riordan is not the only company which produces molding materials made murder plastic, there always remains a chance of fearsome competition in the market. However, this leads to the fact that right identifying and capturing of market opportunities may bring more success for the company. While having factory facilities placed in San Jose, California, Albany, Georgia, Pontiac, Michigan, and string Zhou in China3, Riordan has certainly found new markets around the world. Emerging

International Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Banking - Essay Exampleinvestments can also be facilitated and banks where they act as agents to customers. If for one reason or the other, a bank is unable to meet this statutory obligation, the resultant is a banking crises, the banks are then said to grow failed.Another terminology that requires definition is opinion chance. This can alternatively be referred to as Expected Loss and is a product of Probability of neglectfulness, characterization of default and loss given default. These three factors which are considered in credit risk all have standard measurement yardsticks against which they are calculated. Probability of default (PD) is measured using statistical data (past default rates, external and internal ratings together with credit scoring. Exposure at default (EAD) takes into consideration remaining not bad(p) debt alongside other potpourris of credit like guarantees, commitments e.t.c. Loss given default in its own discipline is measured consideri ng the amount and values of the security on ground. Other kinds of risks that have contributed in one bureau or the other to past banking crises are as followsIn the 1970s Western European and American banks were mingled in credit risk and its attendant problems when they loaned out deposits of oil- rich OPEC countries to oil-poor undeveloped countries. The expected profits form these loans never materialised because the borrowing nations defaulted in payment. To further complicate the issue some banks within the period do out loans to just one nation that amount to a substantial past of their assets. In the events of a default in payment by this nation, the bank in question is sure to incur such(prenominal) a loss capable of precipitating financial crises. In modern day banking, banks try to inform losings by greatly dispersing their credit risk. It could be by arranging it in such a way that the risks are not concentrated in country or by spreading risk over different sectors of an economy. This is an improvement of what obtained in the past. essays, nowadays, are spread to withstand world shaking defaults.Risk Management is the process of reducing the threat of loss due to uncontrollable events. There has been a move improvement in Risk management over the years with four major approaches being adopted. The first-class honours degree approach is Risk Avoidance, and this approach may be adopted when the risk involved in a particular venture far outweighs whatever gains that might result. Depending on the risk management team, credit induction may be denied the seeker on account of the risk level.The second approach is to minimise losses through sound management principles and techniques, properly

No child left behind Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

No child left behind Act - Essay ExampleThe similarly mean to servechildren with disabilities, those who originate from low revenue families, and even those entrenched with ethnic and racial propagations. The NCLB execute was dumbfound into legislation on January 8, 2008 and supported by President George Bush.The sole aim of NCLB is to increase the reach of the field of study government into the management of both international and local schools and as well raise the stakes for states, districts, and schools. The increases livelihood for the specific schools that serve poor students, decrees highly qualified teachers for every classroom, and consequently holds all schools that receivenational funds answerable to raising the success of all students (Hackett 2011).Education is the proficiency and cap mightiness of developing childrens reasoning ability and how they adapt to the curriculumthey are subjected to. This is what the federal government has tried to achieve in the No Ch ild left(a) Behind act where the main objective was to change the nature of curricula public schools use. In essence, the latter compelled actor President Lyndon B. Johnson, on April 11, 1965 to signing the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The then united President, Lyndon B. Johnson declared, I see deeply no law I have signed or will ever sign means more to the future of America (Cunningham & Redmond 2009). In any case, the act signaled the start of more policies that would effectively identify the role of the Federal government in impacting child growth and education.However, this still leaves the question of is the NCLD act improving the quality of teaching? Well, the act deludes off the blame of poor child performance on teachers but only requires highly qualified teachers in every classroom by the academic course of study 2005/2006. For this case, highly qualified teachers are defined as those who hold a bachelors degree, are certified or licensed by

Existing Home Automaton Systems Controlled via the internet Essay

Existing Home Automaton Systems Controlled via the internet - Essay ExampleThe internet engineering plays an important part in such automation, as these homes are also called smart homes or e-homes. The ripe technology and software available currently for home automation systems ensures the safe and secure life, while providing prompt and electronic mail alerts about the happenings at home to the specific user who may be away to faraway locations.The know and control kit as shown in the picture above puts the mobile phone in control of almost all gadgets in the home. Accordingly, it monitors the lighting devices, temperature of different systems such A/C or heating arrangements, locks and other safety devices, among others. The email notifications and mobile alerts provide reports regarding the function of each device.Although various manufactures tag on such kits, the Smart Things kit comprises of two multi-sensors, 2 sensors responsible for detecting the presence of anyone in the home, 2 additional motion sensors, Ethernet cable with power cord and the necessary outlet plug. The kit comes with all infallible batteries. The Ethernet cable ensures connection of the system kit to internet.As and when the kit detects some kind of motion by people, cars or pets, it sends an alert to the owner. It also sends early warnings on the detection of any leakage, presence of carbon monoxide or smoke in the home. There are no installation hassles or any kindly of monthly contract fees attached to this kit.While the user has complete control over the gadgets working at home, there is no remedy in the event of any accident or hazard that occurs due to conk out of any device. The system cannot help much in such cases except sending immediate email or mobile alerts.The following image represents a Belk in Net Cam, which has Wife connectivity along with a camera that can

Unit 1 Case Study Assignment 1 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 1 Case Study Assignment 1 - Coursework useThe recommend specifications are 1 gigahertz 64-bit processor, 4 gigabytes of RAM and 500 gigabytes of hard disk space.The operational systems they can choose from are windows 7 or windows 8 which are running a live Microsoft office software such as Microsoft Office 2010 or 2013. An antivirus program such as Kaspersky or Norton is a useful add-on.There are several types of legion brands to choose from such as Dell, IBM and Oracle. The nominal hardware for 5-25 users is a server with a 2GHz, 64 bit processor, 2GB memory (RAM) and a 160 guanine hard disk (Micorsoft, n.d.). The recommended hardware is a 3.1 Gigahertz, 64-bit processor, 8GB RAM and a 500 Gigabyte hard disk. The recommended server software is Windows Server 2012 Essentials which is built to cater for small business environments (Technet, n.d).Fault tolerance requires that there is a spare part that takes over in case the original part fails. To make the server tarnish tolerant recommend options are having spare memory modules in case the memory fails, having to network port cards(NICs), having a redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID), having a dual power supply and having two servers clump so they appear as one

Situational Leadership and it's Impact in Healthcare Research Paper

Situational Leadership and its Impact in healthcare - Research Paper ExampleIt is evidently clear from the discussion that in situational leadership, as the employees train of knowledge and tycoon to perform tasks improves, a leader flock modify the leadership style to apply. This meat the roles of coaching, delegating, directing and supporting vary with matureness. Situational leadership, according to Hersey and Blanchard is all important(p) in that it values recognition of extremes. On ane side of the extreme, a leader can apply positional authority while on the new(prenominal) side a leader can delegate authority to enhance freedom among the junior adders. In nursing, a leader can base on two variables the willingness of junior employees to take up assignments and the ability to post results when determining the extreme to rely on. This plays a critical role especially when a debase wants to delegate some duties to a nurse. To do so, there must be a level of maturity in a nurse for delegation to happen. The more a senior person delegates, the less work he or she can perform. Since nursing is all about accountability and perfection, it can be blue-blooded to trace and get a nurse accountable for mistakes. However, a leader in such a position must take active participation in order to strike a proportion between accountability and service delivery and reduce fear among employees. Situational leadership in nursing can help officials in establishing and improving communication and collaboration. According to American Management Association, communication is very important in sustaining and improving productivity. Since it is a flexible leadership style, it can be very easy in cultivating loyalty and improving self-reliance. Nursing requires self-discipline and loyalty since it is a profession that deals with a range of health complications. In order to administer effective medication, there must be communication between doctors and germane(predicat e) offices and through loyalty nurses can perform their duties while observing all instruction to the later. It can as well as be useful should anything strange happen to patients since communication channels will ensure quick responses to problems at hand.

Prison reform in Ghana Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

prison house reform in Ghana - Thesis ExamplePrisons are housed in old colonial forts. revolutionary structures are being built, but not fast enough. Since most of the population is economically poor numerous end up committing a crime. The poor are at the mercy of the gang members. The prisons are fill with violence, drugs, and corruption.The Ghana Prison Service is in charge of overseeing the prisons. While changes are being made, they are lamentably inadequate. The problem becomes that the Ghana people are patterning a prison system after the British. This would be okay if the Ghana government had the resources of the British government. Since the country is one of the poorest in the world, their prison system cannot achieve the uniform goals as one of the richest countries in the world.The Ghana Prison System needs to create a punitive program based on their resources, culture, and needs. While this seems unlikely I can only hope for a better prison system in the future. I w ish that all humans can be treated fairly, even those in West Africa. Ghana deserves to have their culture preserved in all aspect of their life, including their prison

The needs of future generations are being met by current policies of Essay - 2

The needs of approaching generations be being met by current policies of sustainable development. To what extent do you agree with this statement - Essay drillIt defines it as the development that satisfies the current human needs without reducing the availability of the resources to the future generations. It breaks it into two concepts. The head start concept gets on the needs and in particular the needs of the poor. Its second progress is on limitations. Its approach on limitations focuses on social and technology factors, and their ability in ensuring that environment use meets the present and future generations wants (Dobson & Lucadrie 2002, p. 85). It further defines development that is sustainable as the progressive transformation of the society and economy (Dobson & Lucadrie 2002, p. 85). It is, therefore, vital to concentrate on the three pillars of sustainable development social, political, and economic factors to ensure the continuity of future generations.Researcher s are of the conviction that governments still believe on the old development paradigms. They emphasize on economic growth succession believing that other industrialized countries have made no changes to their patterns of production and consumption that threaten worldwide resources. Meeting the goals of sustainable development require genuine institutional and political will by governments in all countries. The countries should contribute to it regardless of whether they are developed or not (Purvis & Grainger 2013, p. 177).Weak law enforcement, corruption, and ineffective governments are obstacles in achieving sustainability. Limited policy capacity, lack of information, and incompetent decision makers are some of the reasons for the minimum cooperation by governments. The World Summit discussion on Sustainable Development held in 2002 in southbound Africa maintained that the sustainable development has not evolved out of its roots. Focusing the issue on an environmental boo t rather than integrating with an all-round development perspective is a mistake. The political agenda replaces

Reflection paper Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection paper - Movie Review Example in that location are many features of the take on that captured my imagination. The short film was very well made, with different departments such as direction, screenplay, acting and cinematography all supporting and complementing each other. The very stalwart of the movie (as well as in real-life) is prick Vujicic, who transforms himself from being a perversion of nature, a creature given up by God, etc to an extraordinary circus performer, an overachiever. As his mentor, the owner of Butterfly Circus correctly points out, frequently of Nicks predicament and diminished sense of self is of his own making. Admonishing Nick for his peaceful acceptance of fate, the mentor (played by Eduardo Verstegui) urges Nick to achieve something like other circus performers. Even when Nick falls down as he tries to cross over the river, the mentor allows him to manage on his own. unbiased and cruel as it might seem, Verastegui knew what he was doing na mely cultivating self-sufficiency in Nick. Just as Verastegui intended, this situation leads to a breakthrough event, when Nick falls into the water, and in a desperate attempt to keep afloat, discovers that he can swim.As a teacher of special needs electric razorren, I can play this film to my students and inspire them to make maximum use of their lives. In addition to the film, I would also play motivational talks given by Nick Vujicic to my students, for the film is only a representation of his own real struggles. The film has also taught me the role of mentorship in uplifting disabled children. For example, the kind of encouragement that a child is received has profound implications for the way it integrates into the mainstream society.Usually, a child from one of the nonage communities has to overcome more challenges. The minority status may be as a result of disability, ethnicity, language, race or

Urban Education Movie Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ur bar Education Movie Analysis - Essay ExampleAs the report stresses the film shows discrimination of the Hispanic learners in a number of ways. The schools in Los Angeles degraded and portrayed inhuman treatment Hispanic learners by not allowing them to use bathroom facilities at lunch time, deprivation of standard academic services for non-white learners, escape of quality academic learning material absence of a bilingual program and a ban on speaking Spanish in school. The education systems treat the white students as they are from a superior race compared to the Hispanics. This kind of unequal treatment, when compared to white learners, made it unfair for the Hispanics to compete on take aim terms with their fellow students. From the essay it is clear that the students initiative to walk proscribed is a brave and indispensable move despite the risks involved. The social movement was inevitable as it raised the issue and triggered others to come out and express their dissatis faction with the system. The students exhibit heroic traits by rising against the injustices. Failure to do so would arrive led to continuous non-recognition of their skills, ideas and talents. An ideal education system serves to promote academic excellence as salutary as contribute towards the realization of their talents. It also inspires students to express their ideas in a platform where there is equality. From the film, it is bare that the oppressed have the obligation to cause alarm so that their plight can be addressed.

Act 2- Proctors house Essay Example for Free

Act 2- varans house EssayThe crucible is foreness in the early 1920s in a place called Salem in Massachusetts America. The drool is based on the problem of witchcraft to be a witch or warlock in those years was unforgivable. The people living in Salem were all strict Puritans and anything un-natural was said to be wrong. Any integrity with any usher of another being in contact with the devil was immediately taken to court for a case, they could be imprisoned for many years or worse killed. As you can imagine this arose a keen deal of problems including peoples greed or jealousy taking over their moral beliefs. People would accuse others to lodge what they wanted e.g. land.Act 2- Proctors house. Role of ElizabethElizabeth- What keeps you so late? Its almost dark.At this point in the narrative Elizabeth muted has a slightly higher status than her husband, and has done for quite a while this is because he is the one that has sinned and still needs to watch his step if he wants to keep her as his wife. As she walks in from singing to the children, she will be come alonging at her husband at first, and so breast start side swiftly when she says Its almost dark.She asks a question about his work to be polite, not unavoidably interested so will be busy with something on the table, e.g. a candle stick. When she has to respond to Proctor asking if the boys are asleep she will look up from what she is doing and answer while walking quick over to the fireplace. She answers vaguely to Proctors wishing for a fair summer.When Proctor asks if she is well today She turns around with the shell of his food and smiles kindly and responds I am Although not returning the question.She then nods at the plate and tells him it is rabbit. She then pulls out a chair and sits by him watching him sit down to eat. Her eyes never go on him apart from to look at the rabbit describing how painful it was for her to strip her. While she watches him taste it, there is a loo k of slight anticipation on her face to see his respond. She is still sitting up repair field facing him, perfect posture. It is at this point that their statuses are equal, she wants praise from him. Which when she gets she blushes and smiles, entirely asks for more so asks- its doting? Maybe leaning slightly further forward, closing the distance that is between them.After proctor tells her that he means to please her, the eye contact becomes more intense for a split second but soon disappears. Her facial expression is of fake happiness maybe even slight sadness. As she replies she looks at Proctor for the beginning of the line I k straight off it but then looks down when she says John. Indicating it is very strenuous for her to say. When Proctor tries to kiss her she does not lean in towards it but sits very still and up right in her chair, looking away. She receives it but does not return it. After he has sat down she continues to look at him, which is when he sullenly says Cider.In a thanking sort of way, for changing the repress she quickly stands replying Aye The subject grit onto the farm, Elizabeth still shows that there is something still annoying her. She walks quickly bottom with the cider and places it by him, and sits back down. Proctor then introduces the idea of flowers in the house, she answers quickly, and looking around, hands on the table and feet perfectly together on the floor.She says that she has forgotten, but this is not top on her list, so says it rather quickly, with the air of not truly caring about it. Proctor then suggests that they go on a walk together one day to look at the flowers he finishes the sentence with saying how beautiful Massachusetts is in the spring. Elizabeth besides responds to this, not the walk through the wood together. Her answer is short and quick, and as she says it has a knowing look upon her face and nods slightly but it is obvious that she doesnt care and this is not what she is thinking about at the moment. at that place is a pause and she continues to watch him for a short while, with a look of enquiry and un-knowing on her face. When he does not say anything she gets up and picks up his plate and cutlery. She does this briskly not saying a word. She stands by the basin, after placing the plate and cutlery in it. She has her back to him and does not move, but waits.Proctor then says I think youre sad again, are you? She doesnt reply immediately and still doesnt turn round, as if holding back words. She soon does however and when she speaks it is slowly, this is because she does not want an argument so she makes it look as if she is the one in the wrong asking herself a stupid question in her mind. This immediately lowers her status ever so slightly.His reply is harsh and sudden, which doesnt strike her, if anything makes her slightly more frightened, she rubs her hands around each other nervously but subtly, yet still stands tall. You did speak of going, earlier this w eek. As if reminding him, that she had good reason to think that he might have gone Salem that day.When she tells him that bloody shame Warren had gone that day, she looks at him directly she still does not move her body though, she announces it very clearly.After his reply she has weakened a little, she knew that by verbalise him this it would get to him, now she can see that he is holding back from shouting. This still gives her the upper status. So when she says I couldnt stop her. She shakes her head slightly but still watches him. She then goes on to say how Mary Warren frightened all her strength and power away from her, at this she will step forward, its now that she begins to use her body to express, all the way so far her torso has stayed upright. As she steps forward she looks Proctor in the eye. And she moves her arms forward, which shows her weakness breaking through.It is a mouse no more. I preclude her to go, and she raises up her chin like the daughter or a prince a nd says to me, I must go to Salem, fineness Proctor, I am an official in the court

Stakeholder needs Essay Example for Free

Stakeholder needs EssayExcecutive SummaryThe department of Electrical/Electronics and Aerospace Engineering, as part of the domesticate of Technology of capital of Illinois College has intelligibly nonions regarding first-order stakeholders and their requirements. The position of second-order and other stakeholders may not be entirely clear to the entire team and there may be opportunities for gains. There are harmonised lumber standards in place, which meet stakeholders requirements but further improvements should be implemented for the gain ground of all stakeholders. Continuous improvement and change are generally promoted within the department but the current culture may not support these to the highest standard possible. IntroductionThis assignment aims to analyse and cover the meeting of stakeholder requirements to agreed quality standards and pursuance improvements, app deceitd to a chosen organisation, i.e. Springfield College School of Technology (E/E, Aerospace ). The report leave alone attempt to see to it three main parts, namely, noticeing stakeholders and their requirements, applying and improving quality standards, and promoting continuous improvement andchange. Each of these will be presented as a task with additional sub-headings to meet the assessed learning outcomes, e.g. Task 1 1.1, 1.2, etc. The report will be of academic nature rather than attempting to provide a narrative. Therefore the focus will lie on critique, analysis and opinion, supported by academic theory.It will also question the actiones, benefits and values of methodological analysis adopted by the chosen organisation, underpinned by relevant theory. In part one, the report will discuss who the stakeholders are and their expectations, how the organisation meets them, how these are communicated internally, and what processes for up to date information are in place. Part twain will discuss the meaning of quality in the organisation, what organisational quality policies and procedures are in place, how teams are further to improve quality, and what improvements could be made. Part three, will discuss needs for continuous improvement, assess work activities and identify areas for improvement, and discuss how to teams mass contribute ideas for continual improvement. Sources of information will be referenced and citations will be used in the report.Task 1 (Be able to identify stakeholders and their requirements) (1.1 Determine organisational stakeholders and their expectations) There are a total of stakeholders attached to the department of Electrical/Electronics and Aerospace, which could be divided into first-order, second order, and other stakeholders, i.e. learners, employers and the local confederation plus local industry being first-order stakeholders. Second-order stakeholders include teaching staff, college leadership, middle management, awarding bodies, and quality departments. early(a) stakeholders may include OFSTED, suppliers , admin and support departments, contractors and others. Appendix 1 (Figure 2) shows a stakeholder map of the department. Boddy (2002) divides stakeholders into levels of spare-time activity versus levels of power, which is called the power/interest matrix.This tool of analysis applied to the department discussed would suggest that learners, employers, and the local community/industry form the anchor players Awarding bodies, OFSTED and QA departments should be kept satisfied, admin and other internal stakeholder should be kept informed and suppliers, contractors and others would fall into the marginal effort category. This leaves teaching staff in a special category, as they support all stakeholders without needs interest orpower for themselves. However, in terms of delivery, they are key players. The expectations of stakeholders vary and first and initiatory are learners with the expectation of receiving education and qualifications. Employers expect trained apprentices and acc ess to potential qualified employees with good skills, and as they have a choice of provider, they also have power. Figure 1 shows a stakeholder matrix, applied to the department. 1.2 address methods of meeting stakeholder expectations or requirementsThe methods of meeting expectations of stakeholder requirements range from planning, preparing and communication to assuring, supporting, and certifying. There are however external, as substantially as internal factors that affect the operating environment. This means that some are controllable (internal, e.g. staff instruct, engineering science updates) and some are uncontrollable (external, e.g. government, economy, unemployment, etc.). Consequentially, there a different methods of responding to stakeholders needs, according to the environments. For example, technology advances quick and learners get used to being able to access all aspects of their course online. Therefore, departments need to plan their incoming technology ca pacity. This is where an external factor influences the internal environment, and a weakness can be turned into a strenght by investing in technology.Figure 1 Stakeholder Matrix of the Electrical/Aero Department at Springfield CollegeTherefore, conducting a stakeholder analysis should highlight and prioritise the focus needed to satisfy each stakeholders needs. Methods of achieving this can include direct supervision, standardizing inputs and outputs, defining hierarchies (e.g. first and second line support), setting of rules and procedures, and establishing harmonized information systems, such(prenominal) as central databases. 1.3 Identify methods of communicating stakeholders requirements with team membersRegular team meetings, all staff meetings, gentility events, stakeholder polls and evaluations, newsletters, emails, memorandums, site visits, open forums, internal blogs and information sharing activities can all contribute tocommunicating stakeholders needs to team members. E ffective communication is key for this, as is a conducive culture, e.g. a culture that personas information willingly amongst team members, rather than keep it hidden. 1.4 Explain processes for updating information on stakeholder requirementsAs described in 1.3, effective communication is key and the list of methods aids the updating process of responding to changing stakeholder needs. For example, a company that has a number of apprentices in training with Springfield requires more training for multi-skilling their staff. In this case regular meeting, email communiques, and standardised channels of communication should ensure that this need be fullfilled effectively and timely.Task 2 (Be able to apply and improve quality standards)2.1 Discuss the meaning of quality to an organisationJohnson and Scholes (2002) put forward the notion that quality is important in the improvement of profit act for Springfield achievements mean profit/funding. The best situation appears to be a combi nation of high share and high product, or service quality, but even organisations with low market shares demonstrate significantly high profit performance (or achievement rates) if they have offerings of superior quality. In this sense, quality can be a partial substitute for market share in sustaining advantage. For many organisations in the 1990s TQM (Total Quality Management) became the number one concern in terms of productivity as it often supported team-based structures as debate to merely work-based structures. Team-based structures attempt to combine both horizontal and vertical co-ordination through cross-functionality. Some teams would develop, design, support customers, and question new knowledge and hence build around business processes. This leads to empowerment and increased feeling of responsibility, displace staff at the centre of producing quality out of self-determination. In theory this would create a TQM culture, which would benefit the entire organisation.

Cavour and Bismarck respectively Essay Example for Free

Cavour and Bismarck severally EssayThe unification of the states of Italy and Germany was primarily lugn according to how each statesman, Cavour and Bismarck respectively, handled the situation in their experience countries. Generally, the two leaders implement the carry out of diverting their attentions on how to eject intruding forces out of the territorial reserve states by starting a plot which will cause very common philosophical perspective, to drive away external forces. .Cavour was able to ignite the war with the Austrians which lead to the total acquisition of territories for Italy. This started the unification process for the country since many forces of the states share the same sentiments (Arcaini, 2005). On the other hand, Bismarck of Germany also initiated a employment in post to unify the outlying forces within the central German influence. Although indirectly, he created a lessened conspiracy by attracting an individual to accept a royal position in Spain in order to start the Franco-Prussian war.The combinations of forces lead to the unification of different German states. Between the two, Germany could be a potential trenchant European leader. This can be attributed due to its centralized extent of influence within its boundaries both geographically and politically. Unlike the Italian state, it is also situated in a way where easier strategic location is a big factor, an advantage to relay information to other European countries.Another factor which provides a great advantage of Germany over Italy is that they showed a mightier force in terms of capturing other governments. When the war between France and the Union states of Germany was over, Paris was captured considered to be the French center of government.ReferencesArcaini. 2005. The Italian Unification. Arcaini. Retrieved November 17, 2007 from http//www. arcaini. com/ITALY/ItalyHistory/ItalianUnification. htm.

Starbucks in China Essay Example for Free

Starbucks in chinaware EssayWhy did Starbucks fail in the forbid metropolis?Zane lee (Ziang Li)ESLI PMPWhy did Starbucks fail in the nix metropolis?IntroductionNowadays, economic globalization is becoming an irreversible tendency therefore, different multinational corporations always want to extend their branches to both(prenominal) other countries, peculiarly for the food companies, such(prenominal) as, McDonalds, Starbucks, and Burger King. In recent years, the world has besides witnessed that chinas economy has highly-developed to a higher level since China has reformed and opened for more than 30 years. According to Lardy, in the middle of 1990s, China had become one of the largest worlds trading nations (Lardy, 1995, p.1). Now, Chinese customers eat more desire and abilities to enjoy western food. Therefore, many multinational food corporations, such as, Starbucks, KFC, and Krispy Kreme, want to enter in Chinese market, and these companies serve China as an emer ging market beca character of the development of Chinese economy and outgo ability. However, China has gees years of history, and its market situation is complicated. It is hard for western companies to be adapted to the situation. Now, around western food companies, to some extent, have achieved success in China, such as, Starbucks, KFC, and McDonalds.There were withal many companies, such as Dunkin, Krispy Kreme, and Burger King failed in China (Rein, 2012). Starbucks is one of the few that has successfully entered the Chinese market, but it is soothe facing many ch all toldenges, and it in like manner failed in the nearly conventional areas in China, such as in the require city. In the past ten years, Starbucks has achieved much success in universal business areas in China. Starbucks is an external coffee bean retailers which was founded in the early of 1970s in Seattle, U.S. It sells both a variety of coffee and other related beverages all over the world (Marketline, 2012, pp.3-4). Starbucks entered in Chinese market in 1999 (Wang, 2012, para.3). As the Trefils team (2012) shows that with the development of Starbucks, Starbucks has successfully opened more than 570 stores in 48 cities since it out garb entered China twelve years ago. Building on this momentum, it plans to open 1500 stores by 2015 (Trefils team, 2012). To achieve the success,Starbucks trade strategies have exerted a good-looking influence in this process. According to Rein (2012), Starbucks introduced coffee acquaintance shop to give customers an opportunity to experience Starbucks stopping point, and Starbucks developed some tea-flavor coffee to be adapted to Chinese flavor.Moreover, Starbucks chose wonderful shop location to conjure its brand image and avoided victimisation advertising or promotions to make direct conflicts with the Chinese tea tillage. Furthermore, Starbucks also collaborates with local companies to spread Starbucks business and to reduce Starbucks c ost (Rein, 2012). Through taking these strategies, Starbucks, to some degree, has overcame the challenges from both the tralatitious floriculture and the local competitors, such as U.B.C and Dio Coffee. However, Starbucks still failed in the interdict City. According to Netzley, Digantral, Wong, Tan, Hee (2011), at the Yale chief executive officer Leadership Summit (2006), China Central Televisions news compere Chenggang Rui asked Jim that Do you have plans to open stores in the Taj Mahai, Versailles, or Buckingham Palace?. Half year later, Rui posted a blog in Sina blog to against Starbucks existence in the require City, and he thought that Starbucks existed in the nix City was a grade of erosion for Chinese culture. Even though in 2007, the internet was an infancy in China, it was ontogenesis fast. There were tens of thousands of flock following Ruis blog at that time. In January 2007, Rui, an experienced media personality from CCTV glum this communication channel on St arbucks.The effort to remove the iconic western brand from the centre of the Forbidden City quickly became global news (Netzleym, Digantral, Wong, 2006). Several months later, Starbucks closed the coffeehouse in the Forbidden City. By analysing Starbucks failure in the Forbidden City, this paper will help Starbucks to know how to control the risks, such as entering in some special areas in China, in the future and help other international companies to understand the Chinese culture. In recent years, Scholars have analysed how Starbucks jackpot achieve success in the general areas in China. For example, Starbucks has two of import business strategies License and Joint Venture (Harrison, Chang, Gauthier, Joerchel, Nevarez, Wang, 2005, p.281), and Starbucks also uses HR strategy, which is whirl good salary for staff, to maintain the quality workforce (Zhang, 2009, p.18). Scholars also have discussed some culture factors on cross-culture brand addendum. For instance, consumers in several East Asian countries have higher levelsof self-construal.Therefore, the likelihood of brand extension success is expected to be higher in respect of these group (Henseler, Horvth, Sarstedt, Zimmermann, 2010, p.8). Even though Starbucks marketing strategies made it success in general business areas in China, this does not mean that there is no potential risks for Starbucks in China. Starbucks is still facing challenges in the most traditional areas, such as in the Forbidden City, because the Forbidden Citys olympian culture excludes foreign culture, Chinese peoples nationalism could not cause Starbucks existence in the Forbidden City, and Starbucks fashion culture contradicts to the Forbidden Citys classic culture. This paper will discuss Starbucks failure in the Forbidden City from these triplet parts. The serious culture shock in the Forbidden CityOne of the most important reasons why Starbucks failed in the Forbidden City was Starbucks and the Forbidden City had differ ent cultures, and they were different emblemisms. China has five thousand years history, and its traditional culture was handed down by each generation. Nowadays, Chinese traditional culture has exerted a big influence on modern business, especially on multinational companies which have lay up business in China but have different cultures with Chinese. If multinational companies want to stock their business to be more successful in China, it is necessary for them to understand Chinese traditional culture, especially for the company, like Starbucks, which want to set up its business in the most traditional areas in China. Starbucks symbolisation of western country could not combined with the Forbidden Citys gallant culture The Forbidden City is the symbolism of the imperial culture (Han Zhang, 2009, p.397). According to China. Org (2005), the Forbidden City (Imperial Palace) is place setting in the optic of Beijing, and it is the largest and most complete imperial palace and a ncient building group in China. The buildings of Forbidden City was started to be built in 1406 and was finished in 1420. Since Ming dynasty, there had been twenty-four emperors defyd and ruled China in this palace (China.org, 2005, para. 1). In the Forbidden City, discolor is the primary, and almost all roofs of buildings were decorated with yellow glazed tiles. During Ming and Qing dynasty, yellow was the color that only emperors could use.This kind of color represents the emperor, the central figure of China, and alsorepresents land, the root and origin of all earthly creatures (Han Zhang, 2009, p.397). Moreover, in ancient China, besides servants, only the people who had direct relationship with emperor could live in the Forbidden City. Therefore, the Forbidden City ass be the symbol of the imperial culture. Starbucks is the symbolism of western culture. Starbucks is the Statesn company. Now, drinking coffee in Starbucks coffeehouse has become a normal alimentation bolt f or many American people. Moreover, Starbucks branches have spread to all over the world. On the one hand, according to Curtin and Gaither (2009), In the eyes of many Chinese people, the image of Starbucks is encoded with a pith that might convey, like many other western fast food brands which introduced from U.S., America, western value in China (Curtin Gaither, 2007, p.85). On the other hand, in order to entering in Chinese market, Starbucks has developed its coffee flavours to be adapted to Chinese taste, and Starbucks also sells tea and moon cakes which are the traditional Chinese food in its coffee house (Rein, 2012). These product, to some degree, can implicate traditional culture. The supreme imperial culture of the Forbidden City excludes Starbucks culture.The imperial culture is a traditional Chinese culture, and it has thousands years of history. In the ancient time, normal people could not use the stuff that emperor utilize and also could not enjoy the food that empero r enjoyed, which gist that the imperial power was supreme and had the feature of exclusiveness. According to Chiu and Cheng (2007), when Starbucks opened its coffeehouse in the Forbidden City, these traditional Chinese food were also sold in Starbucks Forbidden City Shop, and on the find of its products, Starbucks still used its English logo (Chiu Cheng, 2007, pp.85-86). As Bzelova shows that moon cakes, which have thousands years of history, are treated as the symbol of family reunion and the round harvest moon. Initially, moon cake was invented by soldier. In Ming dynasty, the mood cake was introduced into the Forbidden City and became a kind of specialized food for emperor at one time (Bzelova, 2013). some other fact is moon cakes are usually yellow. As above mentioned, in the ancient time, only emperor could use the color Yellow. However, Starbucks sold the moon cakes with English logo, it was a kind of contradiction to the traditional Chinese culture. Moreover, the English logo which was painted on the yellow moon cake was a kind of contradiction to the imperial culture.Even though emperor was disappearedfor almost one hundred year and the Forbidden City had also become a tourist attraction, the imperial culture still exist in the Forbidden City, which can be revealed from the Forbidden Citys main colorYellow. Therefore, exchange these products by a foreign company could emerge conflicts to the Forbidden Citys imperial culture, and the imperial culture of the Forbidden City, to some degree, prevented Starbucks to run its business in the Forbidden City. Chinese nationalism could not have got Starbucks in the Forbidden City Chinese peoples nationalism could not accept Starbucks existence in the Forbidden City. As Miscevic (2010) defines that nationalism is usually used to describe two phenomena (1) the stead that the members of a nation have when they care about their national identity, and (2) the actions that the members of a nation take when see k to achieve (or sustain) self-determination (Miscevic, 2010, p.1).Chinese peoples nationalism has hundreds years of history. In 1840, the first opium war happened in China, and Britain invaded in China by selling opium. For western countries, such as British, Spain, and France, after the first industrial revolution, their industries and economy were developed fast, and their domestic demands could not meet the requirements of their economic development therefore, many of these countries wanted to invade to other countries to make profits, and China became one of the most important targets for western invaders. After the first opium war, China paid millions of silver for British and France and ceded territory to British. In the following one hundred year, Chinese people had experienced a series of invasions from western countries. Chinese peoples nationalism was set up during these disasters. According to He (2007), even though China is becoming more and more open, and peoples liv ing condition is becoming more and more fortunate, Chinese people still cannot accept that western culture exceedingly combined with Chinese culture (p.6). As above mentioned that Starbucks can be treated as a symbol of America. Even though in the history, China and America did not have direct conflict, U.S. is still usually treated as the representation of western power because America is one of the biggest and the most powerful country in the world (Cheng, 2012). However, Chinese people usually treat the Forbidden City as the most tradition area, and the presence of any foreign brands or products in this place may imply invasion of western culture assisted by western bodily power (Hang Zhang. 2009, p.398). As these areas were destroyed by western invaders during the war therefore, it is hard for Chinese people to accept western companies, such as Starbucks, which have strong culture to run its business in the Forbidden City. Starbucks fashion contradicts to the Forbidden Citys cl assic culture The Forbidden City is the symbolism of Chinese classic culture.This symbolism can be experienced from the Forbidden Citys propose. According to Han Zhang (2009), the design of the Forbidden City, from its overall layout, as laid down in the Classic of Rites (Li ji), to the smallest detail of decoration, has symbolic meaning with underlying philosophical and religious principles (Han Zhang, 2009, p.397). From Han Zhangs analysis, we can find that the design of the Forbidden Citys buildings contains profound Chinese culture. As Wang (2010) indicates that the calligraphy tablets hung over each main gate and building, although often miss by visitors, actually are special embodiments of traditional Chinese concepts either well known or maybe unexpected by their readers (Wang, 2010, p.11). Taking the Confucianism congruity for example, there are three great front man halls in the Forbidden City, their names are Hall of Supreme Harmony, Hall of Central Harmony, and Hal l of Preserving Harmony, respectively. In ancient time, the emperor usually believed that he was the son of Heaven. His highest goal was found to achieve harmony among Heaven, the Earth and the human being. Thus, harmony was repeatedly emphasized on the tablets to idealize the strong point of the court (Wang, 2010, p.12).This is the one of the traditional cultures that can be found in the Forbidden City. The Forbidden Citys buildings also represent the theory of syncretism between heaven and man and the theory of self-discipline and cordial commitment (Zi, 1987, p.448). Therefore, the Forbidden City implies many great and profound Chinese classic culture. Starbuck is the symbol of fashion. From the surface of Starbucks, we can find that the meaning of Starbucks is represented by the green logo, the fine coffee drinks, music, cozy in-store setting and free Wi-Fi (Puel, Pons, Jin, 2007, p.2). According to Han and Zhang (2009), Starbucks is making itself to be a widely known brand in China. Particularly, Starbucks is targeting bird feeder Chinese customers as well as the growing middle class, making itself ubiquitous in smarting shopping malls. Drinking Starbucks coffee has gradually become fashionable (Han Zhang, 2009, p.397). Therefore,Starbucks fashion culture has deeply root in the heart of Chinese customers.Starbucks fashion culture contradicts to the Forbidden Citys classic culture. As Cha (2003) indicates that Chinese classic culture is dominated by the Confucianism, and in the Confucianism, self-cultivation is an important thought which means people should keep their bodies to be healthy and through self-reflection to improve their minds to reach an optimal state (Cha, 2003, pp.170-171). From the definition of self-cultivation, we can recognise that Chinese classic culture advocates the importance of having a peaceful living style, the importance of implementing self-discipline, and the importance of keeping on the rails. However, as Harrison (200 5) shows that Starbucks fashion culture advocates the importance of freedom and the importance of materials (p.281). Therefore, Starbucks fashion culture could not combined with Starbucks classic culture.ObjectionsExcept the cultural factors, media influence is also a cause for Starbucks failure in the Forbidden City. In recent years, Chinas internet media is exploitation so fast and is becoming more and more powerful on affecting business. According to Chiu, Lin, and Sliverman (2013), the most popular websites, such as Sina, Tencent, and Netease, are important media for companies to engage in the increasingly affluent online audience, and companies can also use kindly media as a vital source of information for brand and product decisions. Chinas social media landscape is a complex environment at huge denture (Chiu, Lin, Sliverman, 2013, para.3). As above mentioned that Chenggang Rui posted a blog on Sina to against Starbucks. According to Han and Zhang (2009), since September 2 006, Sina launched a blogsphere, colloquially called celebrity blogs (mingren boke), where most bloggers are well-known public figures such as performers, artists and writers. Using a rank system, Sina promotes certain celebrities blogs and downplay others (Han Zhang, 2009, p.397). After Rui posted his blog, his arguments were spread to many places quickly because of the tremendous internet users. Without using Sina as platform, Ruis voice would not have been so well received (Han Zhang, 2009,p.397). Therefore, the internet media, to some extent, made influence on Starbucks failure in the Forbidden City however, the cultural problems is still the main cause for Starbucks failure because internet media is only a kind of medium for opponents to advocates the cultural problems.ConclusionThis word shows the problems that Starbucks had experienced in the Forbidden City and analyses the reasons why Starbucks failed in the Forbidden City. With above mentioned analysis, we can quarter a conclusion that Starbucks failed in the Forbidden City because of the serious Chinese culture shock. Even though Starbucks has achieved success in the general business areas in China, it still cannot thoroughly cope with the problem of culture shock in the most traditional areas in China, such as in the Forbidden City. The grimace that Starbucks failed in the Forbidden City is a good example not only for Starbucks itself but also for other multinational corporations in China to understand how serious the Chinese culture shock is, and Starbucks can also learn from this case to avoid making the same inappropriate decision in the future.ReferencesBezlova, A. (2013). Chinas traditional moon cake now a status symbol. Retrieved from http//www.culturebriefings.com/articles/chinmnck.html Cheng, D. (2012). The complicated history of U.S. traffic with China. Retrieved from http//www.heritage.org/research/reports/2012/10/the-complicated-history-of-us-relations-with-china Cha, S. H. (2003). Modern Chinese Confucianism The contemporary neo-Confucian movement and its cultural significance. Social compass, 50(4), 481-491. Chiu, C. Y., Cheng, S. Y. (2007). Toward a social psychology of culture and globalization Some social cognitive consequences of activating two cultures simultaneously. Social and temperament Psychology Compass, 1(1), 84-100. Curtin, P. A., Gaither, T. K. (2007). International public relations Negotiating culture, identity and power. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage. Chiu, C. Lin, D., Sliverman, A. 2013. High influence Chinas social media boom. Retrieved from http//cmsoforum.mckinsey.com/article/high-influence-chinas-social-media-boom

Tv Boon or Bane Essay Example for Free

Tv Boon or Bane Essay adept hardly comes across a house today that does not have a TV set. yet those who belong to the lower income group invest in a TV set as concisely as they can afford it. Most Indians spend their evenings glued to the television as this is the most tardily available entertainment for them. Now there atomic number 18 cable connections in most of the houses and with the advent of external channels on our television, the popularity of TV has grown many folds. How TV does affect our lives today? We have to analyse its advantages and disadvantages. In some ways TV is a boon.It is a vital source of information and helps to contour our lives in many ways. It keeps us posted with the latest political, fond and cultural developments in the ball. Hence, it educates us. It brings the people of the world closer by removing the distances that exist between us. Sitting in our rooms, we get a view of the absolute world. TV also takes us nearer to the cultures of the world. While entertaining us with soap operas, dances, plays, music, etc. , it educates us about the lifestyles of the foreigners in those lands where these programmes are produced.We can compare our own culture with theirs and can learn something from them. With a television set in the house, a person can never get lonely. It can be mans best friend. However, the television turns into a curse when it interferes with the normal routine of our day. When children neglect their school books and homework, the television becomes a curse. It is a source of great temptation for children to match a cartoon show or a movie on TV rather than study. Adults often become less social because of the television.They tie themselves win to the house according to the timings of their favourite television programme thus making themselves unavailable for various social gatherings. They might skip meeting a friend or calling on their relatives because they would rather watch a movie on television. This keeps them confined to the house and they often miss out on activities which are equally, if not more important, outside the four walls of the house. If one balances the TV viewing time and time for work, hence TV is a boon all the way, else it may become a curse.

Standardization of sodium hydroxide by ethanedioic acid solution Essay Example for Free

Standardization of sodium hydroxide by ethanedioic dosage resultant role EssayExperiments 1. Standardization of sodium hydroxide by ethanedioic acid solution 2. Determination of the submerging of commercial message colourless vinegar Standardization of sodium hydroxide by ethanedioic acid Objective To determine the thousand of sodium hydroxide. As the molarity of the sodium hydroxide is unknown, in order to standardize it, the concentration of the acid has to be known. Result Titration Trial 1 2 3 4 Initial burette reading() 18. 33 8. 05 7. 52 8. 21.Final burette reading() 45. 48 36. 25 35. 79 36. 82 Volume of sodium hydroxide solution used() 27. 15(rejected) 28. 20 28. 27 28. 61 Average volume of sodium hydroxide solution used() 28. 36 Treatment for result one thousand of the standard ethanedioic acid solution Mass of ethanedioic acid= 0. 8g Molar troop of ethanedioic acid= 2? (12+16+16+1) +2? (1+1+16) = 126 Number of groyne of ethanedioic acid= 6. 35? Molarity of the e thanedioic acid= = 0. 025M Molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution.Number of mole of 25. 0 ethanedioic acid= 6. 35 10 = 6. 35? Number of mole of sodium hydroxide = 6. 35 2 = 1. 27? Molarity of sodium hydroxide= 1. 27? = 0. 045M Determination of the concentration of commercial colourless vinegar Objective The concentration of ethanoic acid in different brands of vinegar would be determined. As the compositions of vinegar in different brands ar different, the highest concentration of ethanoic acid in the vinegar was said to be the best to buy.Result Titration Trial 1 2 3 4 Initial burette reading() 5. 99 9. 28 8. 50 7. 05 Final burette reading() 20. 32 26. 22 25. 17 23. 86 Volume of sodium hydroxide solution used() 14. 33(rejected) 16. 94 16. 67 16. 80 Average volume of sodium hydroxide solution used() 16. 81 Treatment for result * submersion of ethanoic acid in the commercial vinegar(ShanTou) Number of mole of sodium hydroxide = 0. 045? 0. 01681 = 7. 56? ?Number of mole of ethano ic acid = 7. 56?

The Relation of Narratives and Video Games Essay Example for Free

The Relation of Narratives and Video Games EssayVideo poles ar a relatively new form of entertainment the first photo racy is considered to be lawn tennis for Two (1958), or so fifty years ago, while film has been around for over one-hundred years, the printing reduce for over five-hundred, and layertelling for thousands of years before that. Be capture of its newness, video backs argon a developing medium, their conventions and potential set out non been explored as fully in comparison with film and literature. Com dressers as a technology everyow us to overcome more complex tasks and obtain and utilize information more quickly than previous technologies. much there can be the tendency to suck up the new medium as radic entirelyy distinct from the old, solely based on its technology. However, it is non necessarily the case. Video plot of grounds do get new capabilities that recognise them from previous storytelling media and it is these new functionistics o f video pluckys that separate them from film and literature, creating an environment of storytelling where the tralatitious history structure does not directly apply. Using narrative media as examples a lot can be discovered approximately video spunkys, however, one must remember what makes them risques.See more how to start a narrative canvassLooking at video games as a continuation of games in general rather than an fender of film, they hold a history dating as far back as the ancient Egyptian game of Senet (discovered in the 2686 BC tomb of Hesy-re) (Juul, Half-Real 3-4). It is these game components that must be understood before expression at games from distinct perspectives. Jesper Juul drew from theorists before him to present what he denotes the classic game mannikin. Juul defines that a game is 1. a rule-based formal system 2. with variable and quantifiable subjectant roles 3. where different returns ar assigned different set 4.where the pseud work outs r eason in order to influence the outcome 5. the actor feels emotionally devoted to the outcome 6. and the consequences of the body process argon optional and negotiable (Half-Real 6-7). This model is tho a barebones description of what games are and does not outline the intermixture of games, or what makes games enjoyable. This model is too transmedial, involveing that games are not tied to whatever medium, just as storytelling is not tied to any mediumthere is no bringing close togetherl game medium and there is no physical component common to all games, but there inhabits the unbiased component of rules that is common to all games.Rules are the base component of games. They govern how the game is played and they should be designed in a way to make it kick the bucket what is and is not allowed in compete the game. Games therefore resemble a order elevator car, a term used in electronic estimator science to describe a machine that consists of an initial state, acce pts a number of input events, that changes the state responding to the inputs using a state transition function (in the case of this example, the game rules) and then produces outputs using an output function.Visualizing a game as such, the activity of playing a game produces a game tree that can be seen as branching off at severally decision and input. Playing a game is interacting with this state machine and exploring this game tree (Juul, Half-Real 55-56). Rules, however, are seen everywhere in the land, and it is not solely the existence of rules that makes a game. The heartbeat item of the classic game modelthat games must cast off variable and quantifiable outcomesis a spectacular feature of the game.If a game exists in such a way that no matter how the pseud interacts with it, it always produces the exact same(p) result, it is not a game. The variable outcomes must also have different values, with approximately being more desirable to attain than some others. In the v ideo game Super Mario Bros. (Nintendo 1985) the outcome of losing all of the game lives is less desirable than defeating the last stage. A player must also exert causa to influence the outcome, generally in a sort that requires more effort to realize a more desirable outcome.It is not however enough that the player interacts with the game, they must also have a sense of agency. Agency is not s indicate interaction, but interaction where the player has influence (Murray 126). This separates games of pure line up and gambling as borderline cases. In a game where the player rolls a die and the result of rolling a six is considered victory, the player only exerts trivial effort to roll the die, and exhibits no agency. The player of a game must also feel emotionally attached to the outcomeif the player loses all of their lives in Super Mario Bros., the player has achieved a negative outcome, and agrees to feel sad, while if they defeat the last stage, they have achieved a positive ou tcome and agree to feel happy. If the player is not emotionally attached to the outcome, they would not exert the effort to play. The sixth item of the classic game model separates games from the real innovationgame theorists Katie Salen and Eric Zimmerman call this subset of the real world a magic circle (95). Games are a part of the world that they exist in, but the rules carve out a world separated from the real world.It is here where the consequences of outcomes are optional and negotiablegames are a voluntary activity where players can finalise the consequences of the game. Soccer, as an example, is a game where in some cases players decide the consequences are simply the glory of victory, but other players, decide that the consequences are career-changing (in the case of professional soccer players). On the other hand, the rules for a political election are game-like and could be played as a game, but an actual election has decided, non-negotiable consequences and therefore is not a game.In the same manner, it could be argued that professional soccer is not a game, but soccer itself is muted considered a game as it is known that soccer is played recreationally and its consequences are negotiable. The classic game model outlines games as a voluntary activity that evaluates a players performancebased on a players effort and skill in interacting with the game rules, a variable outcome with an attached value is reached, to which the player is emotionally attached. However, with the advent of the video game (as hearty as the pen-and-paper role-playing game), the classic game model is not all there is to games anymore.It is still a valuable definition, but the addition of the computer to games modifies the standard game definition. When it comes to rules, the computer is able to handle far more complex processes than a human, allowing for games where the player is free from enforcing the rules of the game, instead having the computer run as a referee of s ort. This referee capability can operate anywhere from playing tic-tac-toe to simulating entire fictional worlds. The ability of the computer to run as a referee also allows for rules and calculations to be kept secret from the player.This ability to manage a large amount of information, as well as the ability to run it in secret allows for the computer to manage whole fictional worlds spawning a new type of game, the progression game. This now means there exists dickens types of games (elements of which can be combined) ontogeny games and progression games. Most games that have existed before video games are emergence gamesgames where a large variety of game variations and outcomes come from a small set of rules. Chess, soccer and Pong (Atari 1972) are examples of the emergence game. onward motion games require the player to actualize a predefined sequence of events in order to beat the game. The progression game came about with the adventure game and early examples include The L egend of Zelda (Nintendo 1986) and Final Fantasy (Square 1987). Now that video games can have this progression capability and the ability to easily run fictional environments, they have expand to include storytelling components. The study of video games, therefore, delves into not just the study of rules and interaction, but also the study of narrative as well.Narratives operate fundamentally differently than games and one cannot use the same methods of study for both. Therefore, when comparing games and narratives, just as one must understand games, the basics of narrative in comparison to games must be understood as well. The Oxford English Dictionary defines a narrative as a spoken or written account of affiliated events a story. There are three traditional components of the narrative setting, character and events (plot)a narrative consists of a world situated in while, populated by characters that participate in action.The world is independent of the question of fictionality, as narratives can be of real as well as fictional events. They can also be split into two levels, the hold forth (the telling of the story) and the story itself. severally of these levels has its own cadence, discourse time and story time, respectively. The story time is the time it took for the actual events to occur, and the discourse time is the time it takes for the retelling (Juul, Games Telling Stories).A week whitethorn pass in a story with no event, and thus the narrative could write it off in one sentence, while an action scene that lasted merely a few seconds could take much longer to explain. This means that even though the narrative may be observing events at a time, there exists an understanding that the events are not actually occurring at the moment of reading (Juul, Games Telling Stories). Narratives are not limited to the novel or storytelling, and can recognizably be translated among different narrative mediaThe Fellowship of the Ring by J. R.R Tolkien is rec ognizable as the movie of the same name. However, not everything can be transferred equally as well. For example, film is better at conveying action and movement, while the novel is better suited to producing inner thoughts. With games and narratives understood, examining the two side-by-side displays several differences. The just about unmistakable of these is the difference in timing. The narrative has two levels, discourse and story, but when examining games in the same manner it is near unworkable to distinguish among the two.In playing Super Mario Bros., when the player presses the A exit on their controller, the in-game character jumps, thus synchronizing story and discourse time. It is imperative of the narrative that this separation in time exists. Not only does jumping in Super Mario Bros. place discourse and story time together, it also influences the game world. The understanding, in experiencing a narrative, that the time of the discourse is separate from the time o f the events means that in some manner the events have already occurred (even if the setting is in some supposed future)the events are uneffective to be influenced.The very agency that the player exercises in playing a game contradicts the idea of narrativity it is impossible to influence an event that has already occurred (Juul, Games Telling Stories). Because of this contradiction, games themselves cannot be narratives, but this does not limit them from employing and producing them. The very activity of playing a game can produce a narrative, the player can tell a story of their experience in the game. Just as well, games can have stories told through them (especially progression games) as many games contain back-stories and quests that offer the player narratives alongside their play.Video games have two parts rules (discussed earlier) and fiction. For a number of years, the arcade game was all that existed and they contained both rules and fiction, but the two were loosely conn ected. This led some to conclude that a games fiction is easily removable and replaceable, thus making it un primary(prenominal) in affinity to the rules. Juul had previously taken the stance that rules are what make a game a game, fiction is redundant for a game, a game with an excellent fiction can still be a atrocious game, therefore fiction is unimportant in games (Half-Real 13).When looking at simple games such as stead Invaders (Taito 1978), one could remove the theme of an alien invasion and portray an advancing German front the players starship could become a Russian tank. If the rules were kept the same, the player would experience no real difference between playing either, but the same sort of procedure would not perform the same if it were attempted on a progression game such as Myst (Broderbund 1993) because the game experience relies more heavily on the fiction. Juul stated that, There are, of course, many relationships between theme and structure in a game.Whether or not any of those relationships are essential, they are complex and vital enough to resist my attempt to lightly tittup them around (Half-Real 15). If the fiction of a game is tied to its experience, what role does it play in the game and its rules? In some cases the fiction may point to the rules, as well as the other way around in other cases the fiction serves the rules in an in dogged manner, subservient to gameplay. When it comes to the fiction component of games, one briny difference from narrative media is that they do not require anthropomorphic actors/characters in order to be socialize (Juul, Half-Real 160-161).While films and other stories are largely about humans or anthropomorphic characters that a beauty/reader identifies with on a cognitive level, games such as Tetris (Pazhitnov 1985), Pong and Missile Command (Atari 1980) exist without such. This lack of a visible actor does not make Tetris any less of a game, and makes the idea of a movie based on Tetris an u nlikelihood, but it shows how games can accomplish something different, and almost completely separate, than traditional narrative media. Another main difference is the progression of time in games.Previously the difference with discourse and story time was explored, but the chronological appearance of time also varies between games and narratives. Due to the fixed, influence nature of a narrative the telling can jump around to various points in the story time either in flash-forwards or flash-backs. To do the same in a game becomes problematic, for predestination precludes agency. If the player is put back in time (in the past), they are put in a view where they must actualize a series of events that allows the game in the present to exist, thus limiting the player.The same goes for flash-forwards where the player is put in a position of what is to happen, limiting their play upon return to the present. However, even though games are not narratives, games are no longer strictly bunco. They often contain fictional components as well, leading to new types of games. Besides just viewing games as emergent and progressive, there exists five categories of games abstract, iconic, incoherent world, coherent world and staged. Abstract games are games that does not, nor do its pieces, represent something else.The game of Go is a game that is merely rules and although there exist conventions for the size and appearance of the various game pieces, they do not mean anything. Tetris is a well known abstract video game. Iconic games are quite similar abstract games, but their individual pieces simply have iconic meaning. In a standard deck of card game there is a king, queen and jack of each of the four suits, but there is no clear explanation of their relation to the other kings, queens and jacks of the other suits.Incoherent world games are games that have a fictional world, but it either contains contradictions or events in the gameplay that cannot be explained by t he fictional world. In Super Mario Bros. , Mario has multiple lives, but there exists nobody in the fiction that explains it, it only serves the rules. Chess represents two parties at war, but to explain the movement of the units one must refer to the rules as it is not apparent in the fiction. Coherent world games are games that have a fictional world that contain nothing that prevents the player from imagining them in full.Most adventure games such as the recent The Elder Scrolls V Skyrim (Bethesda Softworks 2012) are coherent world games. Staged games are a special type of abstract or mimetic game that are played inside of a larger, more elaborate world. Mario Party (Nintendo 1998) contains an overarching fictional world and game, but is largely make up of individual staged games. Another instance of the staged game is in Shenmue (Sega 1999) where the protagonist can play on in-game arcade machines.Each of these categories of games has its own place in the world of video games and it is important to be aware of the varieties that exist. Of these varieties though, there is the coherent worldthe progression game. In this type of game the player must perform a predefined set of actions in a coherent world setting. This kind of game sounds very similar to the narrative, but still has variable outcomes, player effort and other game components. One example of this kind of game is The Walking exsanguine (Telltale Games 2012).The Walking Dead is set in Georgia during a fictional zombie apocalypse. The player plays as Lee Everett, a professor convicted of killing a man he found sleeping with his wife. Due to the zombie become he does not end up in prison, instead ends up caring for a fine girl by the name of Clementine. The gameplay mainly revolves around conversations that the player has with other characters and occasionally the player is put in a position where they must make a critical decision.At the end of each chapter, the game reports out on the players decisions as well as the percentage of other players that either disagreed or agreed with them. It is through this method that the player is able to reflect on the cause and effect of their decisions. This sort of environment demonstrates that games are a playground where the player may experiment with things they would or could not do in a real-life setting (Juul, Half-Real 193). It is this phenomenon of player-make decisions and the reflection of them that traditional narratives cannot accomplish.In conclusion, games are made up of six components that make up the classic game model they are rule-based systems with variable outcomes that have different assigned values, the player exerts effort in order to influence the outcome, the player feels emotionally attached to the outcome, and the consequences of the game are optional and negotiable. With the advent of the computer, there are new capabilities available to games. There are now two main types of games, emergent and progressi on games, with a spectrum of combinations between them.Emergent games are made up of a set of rules that combine to produce a large set of outcomes. Progression games require the player to perform a specific set of actions in order to complete the game. With this progression capability, it is important to compare video games and narratives. A narrative is a spoken or written account of connected events. Narratives have two levels, story and discourse, each of these with their own time. Games often do not have notation between their story and discourse time (as the events are occurring in real time), and thus are not narratives.Games, although not narratives themselves, allow for players to produce narratives through playing them players may recount their experiences in a game. Games may not themselves be stories, but that does not mean that they do not employ them or that players cannot tell stories about their experiences in a game. Games offer a different experience than the narr ative media before it the player gets to experience something rather than view it and has an influence in the environment. The player of a game also gets to experiment with ideas in a sort of playground and reflect on their decisions and the effects they have.That does not, however, imply that the medium is necessarily a superior or inferior one. Films, novels and other narrative media can take into account experience that games cannot, just as games provide experiences that traditional narrative media cannot. Looking forward, one can only imagine what games can accomplish in the field of entertainment that was not possible before.Works Cited Aarseth, Espen J. Cybertext Perspectives on Ergodic Literature. Baltimore Johns Hopkins, 1997. Print. Ebert, Roger. Video Games Can Never Be Art. RogerEbert. com. Ebert Digital LLC, 16 Apr. 2010.Web. 16 Apr. 2013. Game Studies. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 19 Sept. 2012. Web. 20 Sept. 2012. Game The News The Project That Birthed a Syrian Civil War Game Thats Been Pulled from the App Store. Edge Online. Future Publishing Limited, 8 Jan. 2013. Web. 16 Apr. 2013. Juul, Jesper. A Clash between Game and Narrative. Thesis. University of Copenhagen, 1999. Web. 19 Sept. 2012. . Games Telling Stories? A Brief Note on Games and Narratives. Game Studies1. 1 (2001) n. pag. Web. 20 Sept. 2012. . Half-Real Video Games between Real Rules and Fictional Worlds.Cambridge MIT, 2011. Print. Jenkins, Henry. Game Design as Narrative Architecture. Henry Jenkins. MIT, n. d. Web. 16 Apr. 2013. Murray, Janet H. Hamlet on the Holodeck The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace. Cambridge MIT, 1997. Print. Narrative. Def. 1. Oxford Dictionaries, Oxford University, n. d. Web. 28 Apr. 2013. Ryan, Marie-Laure. Beyond Myth and Metaphor The Case of Narrative in Digital Media. Game Studies 1. 1 (2001) n. pag. Web. 20 Sept. 2012. Salen, Katie, and Eric Zimmerman. Rules of Play Game Design Fundamentals. Cambridge, MA MIT, 2003. Print.

The Impact of Literature Essay Example for Free

The Impact of Literature EssayIt whitethorn go without saying that there are those who will never study, appreciate, or unconstipated perhaps postulate writings as it is known in academic circles. There are those for whom the written word may have, at best, utilitarian purposes, and for whom any piece of writing beyond a technical manual should, at least, be a work of non-fiction, designed to impart a clearly stated morsel of teaching or worthy opinion.Part of the explanation for this may coincide with the same general reason that round people never consider religion the proponents of literature as is sometimes the case with the proponents of religion sometimes themselves make their cause a used-up, weary, and trying thing, and may remove from it all the beauty and potential which it might, in the proper hands, convey. Much like religion, literature has a transcendent take account, and fulfills an essentially universal need.After all, even the more or less ardent opp onent of the usage of literature in his or her own life embraces forms which fulfil virtually the same need within him that is, myths, folklore, stories, movies, television, and even song, occupy essentially the same place and component as literature in the tender-hearted person, albeit in a form much immeasurably much crude. And, as hotly debated as the following may be in the milieu of post-modern and relativist academic circles, the need to convey truths and explore the human person through bilgewater and myth may reach its almost sophisticated form in literature.That, of course, raises the implied debate as to just exactly what constitutes literature. Some societies view rhyme and theater as literature, could not contract, or popular songs also be literature? Along that identify of reasoning could folk news reports or geographically-oriented stories and Maki 2 myths constitute literature? One runs back into the post-modern worldview when considering that, if the songs of Bob Dylan or the films of Bergman can be considered in any context to be literature, then why not the songs of bloody shame or the films of Clint Eastwood?These considerations are relevant as the illustrate that literature, if defined as relating to the exploration of universal truths and the human person through written or performed language, is relevant in daily human get it on. The American boor utterly unacquainted with the tales of Little Red Riding Hood, the Three Little Pigs, or Cinderella, is at a vast disadvantage even in understanding many newspaper headlines (a business success story may be a Cinderella Story a poorly chosen infrastructure may be a House of Straw. The list could go on).But, more importantly and herein lies the great importance of literature the child may be in danger of lacking the basic, transcendent lessons that caller collectively imparts to its young person through the themes of milksop tales there is danger in the world stay on the path come after your eldersthey might just know what theyre talking about shoddy effort will fend out a painful reward arrogance is often misguided. Again, the list could go on. Even then, fairy tales as literature are only a baby step towards grasping the ultimate apprise of literature as a whole.While some literature function in a disposed society as a means of forming the parameters of moral uprightness and, essentially, seek to pass down answers, vainglorious literature at its best instead seeks to ask questions that require considerations beyond the formal and accepted throttle of social morality, even if at times literature may function in an effort to puff a society back to its forgotten mores. Literature as genuine art probes the human fiber Maki 3 and, in order to function salutary, requires a reader open to growth and change, open to shifting and to a new and perhaps differing(even un soft) perspective on reality.This is not to say that literature does not advise answ ers to the questions it asks. In fact, literature, like much psychology, may infer that the answers are perhaps inherent in the questions themselves. Literature, has often catalyzed individual change (and it is perhaps indicative of the vapid individualism of the times that the effect of literature on the individual is so much touted, even in this essay, over literatures relevance to society at large), moreover of social change as well.Certainly in modern, western history, literature has helped shew in startling levels of social change, be it new considerations of race via the writings of authors like Twain and Stowe, or Upton Sinclairs impact on something as seemingly subtle as the issue of food promotional material safety. Of all the thousands of tracts circulated about communism during the early years of the cold war, what writings continue to influence readers to the item that Orwells two works of utter fiction, Animal Farm and 1984?What political speech concerning the dange rs of modernism, both as philosophy and technical practicality, had the chilling impact of Huxleys Brave New World? What but the well-told tale could arouse sympathy for a group as collectively ridiculed and resented as Depression-era dust-bowl refugees, as in Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath? If one considers artfully written non-fiction a part of the class of literature, the list goes on. It is not treatises but human drama that propel writings like John Herseys Hiroshima or Elie Weisels Night, to be but a few.What is most relevant about literature in such contexts is that it eschews rational tune in favor of its best representation of human experience, for it is most pointedly in the Maki 4 experience of a thing that the truth of it the human reality of it comes to life, and it is through experience that people are most transformed. The experiences presented in the above examples and they are a microscopic selection of relevant examples may not be those of the reader, but the y, in a sense, become those of the reader, and enable the reader to share in some visor of the stories and experiences of the new(prenominal). If there were no other economic hold dear to literature and certainly there is more value to it than that that value alone is worth the effort required of literary pursuits. It may be telling, and perhaps a patch saddening, that it is less and less true that works of literature seem to change the course of social and frugal events in the world. The post-modern world is becoming less and less a literate world, and television and film among other mediums are replacing the written tale, and even the spoken story, as conveyers of truth and means of questioning what seems do in stone.Were it so that film and television, for example, sought to fulfill the same needs as literature and indeed, at times they do perhaps this would not be such a disturbing trend. But film and television, and now, following in their footsteps, much written li terature, seek mostly to entertain, to lull witnesss into a comfortable despondency and create a sense of need for consumption, all of which perpetuates the success of these mediums. A great many movies have been made based on literature.Now I am not saying that this detracts from the value of moving pictures in society, they just lose something in the translation. Movies have time constraints that do not cease them to explain the hidden meanings of cultural differences that written literature can. The vacuous lack of effort required of the viewer by television points to the factor that may simultaneously be literatures greatest value and its most daunting hurdle to many potential Maki 5readers. That is, literature invites readers, at its best, to learn a new set of codes and means of digesting language and tales it may require, as in (for example) opera, learning an entirely exotic collection of meanings, linguistic cues, symbols, and, in effect, a new kind of listening. But tho se who seem to most appreciate opera, much like those who seem to most appreciate literature, swear that knowledge and self enlightenment is well worth the toil.